‘Utilitarianism Is Unsatisfactory as a Theory of Ethics Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism Is Unsatisfactory as a Theory of Ethics EssayUtilitarianism is an honorable possibility coined by an English philosopher who lived during the late 1700s name Jeremy Bentham. Bentham believed in the principle that human beings should be motivated by pain and pleasure he said Nature has placed mankind low the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure this meant that every human beings last in life should be to pursue pleasure and avoid pain and that these should be defining factors of what is moral.Utilitarianism is powerfully based on this principle which is more commonly known as the principle of usefulness. The principle of utility is that an action is moral if it produces the greatest possible pleasure for the greatest possible number in each given situation. To carry out the surmisal of Utilitarianism accurately, Bentham devised an equation to calculate the happiness of a moral conclusiveness called Hedonic Calculus.I personally disagree with the claim that Utilitarianism is unsatisfactory as a theory of ethics although Utilitarianism has some flaws, the benefits and advantages of using Utilitarianism in almost situations outweighs the disadvantages it has. Some critics say that Utilitarianism is unsatisfactory as a theory of ethics as it has many disadvantages. First of all, the Hedonic relies on knowledge of the consequences for an accurate calculation, provided many consequences are hard to predict or may not be apparent savings bank many years in the future.It is too difficult to quantify pleasure meaning it is hard to run pleasure into a practical number for use of comparison. Furthermore, some pleasures caused by situations can actually be morally wrong and likewise, some pains can be actually good for us. One of the most significant arguments against Utilitarianism is the problem of justice although it produces the greatest good for the greatest number, the pleasure is not evenly distributed among the conco urse affected, instead, a majority can benefit from the pleasure while others suffer.Moreover, in most situations, the minorities are treat meaning that, in a utilitarian decision which produces the greatest good for the greatest number, the well-being of somebody who is not included in the greatest number is not taken into account at all. other criticism is that Happiness and pleasure is particularly subjective as ones opinion of what is satisfying can differentiate to extremes between different masses. Lastly, Utilitarianism makes it moral to ignore obvious deonto consistent principles with intrinsic moral value, for example, a utilitarian would say it is moral to kill a rapist, ignoring the fact that murder is immoral.Although Utilitarianism is not perfect, some people believe it is still satisfactory as an ethical theory because recently, philosophers such as Henry Sedgwick and slit Singer has come up with updated versions of Utilitarianism which included principles which s tate that we should make moral decision which benefit the go around interest of the people affected and that no ones happiness can be considered more valuable that some others.Despite the flaws, Utilitarianism will always be a logical method of making decisions as it provides a democratic system which promotes general happiness. I personally believe that Utilitarianism is a satisfactory ethical theory as it is teleological and takes into account the consequences of a decision. Happiness and pleasure are also very logical things to base our decisions upon as humans were naturally born to pursue happiness and pleasure in their lives. It also avoids individual pursuits and puts egoism into a universal theory which benefits the majority of the society and mankind.

Martin Luther King, Jr. Essay Example for Free

Martin Luther King, Jr. EssayMartin Luther King was a major driving forte during the 1950-1960s African American civil rights movement. Following his influence in fighting for the respect of equal military man rights, Luther has become one of the most recognized human rights icons in the American nation. According to available diachronic information, born in 1929, Luther started his civil rights activist activities during his early ages. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus ostracise due to segregation practices, which compromised the principle of equality of both American citizens (Darby, 1990). True from history, Luther brought much influence in the war against racial segregation and discrimination. Just to be appreciated is the fact that despite the provisions that all men are equal during the declaration of independence in the 18th century, racial discrimination was a common practice in the early twentieth century. Historical information indicate that the I induct a Dream spe ech by Martin Luther King in the 963 March on Washington triggered the African Americans into fight for their human rights (Darby, 1990).Conducting his affairs uniquely, Luther is praised advocating a non-violent approach to the realization of equal human rights in the American nation (Darby, 1990). Indeed, this was the underlying reason behind why he was given the Nobel Peace Prize for his mesh in ending racial segregation and l discrimination through non-violent means in 1964. In addition to his impact on the American community, Luther finds his honor in advocating against the violation of human rights during the Vietnam War in 1968.Following his influence in the civil rights war, Luther is globally appreciated as a crucial wedge for freedom (Darby, 1990). To emphasis on this claim, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 nine years after his assassination. Such are also found in the establishment of Martin Luther King, Jr. Day as a U. S. national holiday in 19 86. References Darby, J. (1990). Martin Luther King. Jr. Minneapolis Lerner Publishing Group.

Global Hybrid Electric Vehicle Market Essay Example for Free

Global Hybrid Electric Vehicle Market EssayA crossbreed electric automobile vehicle combines two energy sources, one of which is mechanical (ICE) and the other electrical. The size of the gasoline locomotive engine in a hybrid electric vehicle is smaller than that in a traditional vehicle. The cabal of the two power sources helps to achieve better fuel economy and performance. Hybrid electric vehicles use efficient technologies such as regenerative braking that charges the battery by converting kinetic energy into electric energy.Many hybrid electric vehicles have start-stop systems that shut down the ICE when idle and restart it when needed, thereby reducing idle emissions. cover in this Report This report covers the present scenario and the offshoot prospects of the Global Hybrid Electric Vehicle grocery store for the period 2014-2018. To calculate merchandise size, the report considers the unit shipments of the following types of hybrid electric vehicles in the market HYBRID ELECTRIC CARS HYBRID ELECTRIC TRUCKS OTHER HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES Key Regions JAPAN.NORTH the States EUROPE CHINA ROW Key Vendors FORD MOTOR CO. HONDA MOTOR CO. LTD. HYUNDAI MOTOR CO. TOYOTA MOTOR CORP. VOLKSWAGEN AG Other Prominent Vendors NISSAN MOTORS GENERAL MOTORS DAIMLER VOLVO GROUP Key Market Driver INCREASED POPULARITY OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES FOR A FULL, DETAILED LIST, public opinion OUR REPORT. Key Market Challenge HIGH COST OF HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES FOR A FULL, DETAILED LIST, VIEW OUR REPORT. Key Market Trend INCREASE IN RD INNOVATIONS FOR A FULL, DETAILED LIST, VIEW OUR REPORT.Key Questions Answered in this Report What will the market size be in 2018 and what will the gain rate be? What are the pigment market trends? What is driving this market? What are the challenges to market growth? Who are the key vendors in this market space? What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the key vendors? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the key vendors? F or more insights, view our Global Hybrid Electric Vehicle Market 2014-2018 report.

Improving Education Healthy Lifestyle Malaysia Health And Social Care Essay

Improving Education advantageouslynessy Lifestyle Malaysia Health And Social C are EssayHealthcare frames are facing major challenges as they struggle to suit increasing demand with limited resources. Demographic changes, changing disease patterns, illegal immigrants, industrialization, issues of quality and efficiency, shortages or misdistribution of tender resources, financial constraint, inadequate research and globalisation are the major challenges faced by Malaysias health care system as it take ins to restructure itself.Globalization can be described as the integration of economic systems, superior movements and opportunities for different peoples through better information and communication technologies. But locally it has come to mean the change magnitude insecurity and powerlessness that people (particularly poor people) feel in the face of global processes. Impact of globalization on creations health is predict adapted since globalization go away change trade p rocesses and in like manner social and ethnical shift. The incoming healthcare must transform the healthcare system, by making it more integrated, disseminated and virtual.The Malaysian future healthcare system entrust need to align with and support national health vision and goals. The function must be seen in the context of achieving the vision and the value it adds in achieving national health goals. lively and the health system of the future must be guided by clear guiding principles and doctrine as closely as universe robust. Malaysia forget develop adept of the most advanced health systems of the world by harnessing the power of information and multimedia technologies to transform the delivery of healthcare. high rakehell impelHypertension is one of the most common worldwide diseases affecting humans. Because of the associated morbidity and d cancel outhrate and the cost to society, high blood pressure is an important humans health challenge. 33% of the Malaysian a dult population suffering Hypertension and it is including overall gender, race and ages (Lim, Morad et al, 2004) everyplace the past several decades, research widespread uncomplaining education and a concerted afford on the part of healthcare professional have led the decreased mortality and morbidity rates from the multiplex organ damage arising from years of untreated hypertension.Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factors for coronary thrombosis heart disease, stroke, congestive cardiac failure, end stage renal failure and peripheral vascular disease . Many interrelated factors contribute to these mechanisms and may differ between individuals, such(prenominal) as the rennin-angiotensin system, endothelial dysfunction, common salt intake, obesity, genetics and low birth tilt (Beevers et. al 2001).The significance on the high blood shove creator will be more critical, which may carry to the complex complication such as stroke, increase mortality rate and also increase risk of cerebral haemorrhage.The increasing prevalence of the Hypertension due to ageing process, the identification of the risk factors and diagnosis will able to control the Hypertension among the antiquated people ( Ong, Oung et al , 2010).In view to improve the healthcare system to be more healthy, the responsibilities of the healthcare provider will focus on the pr dismantletive strategy as it will be able to decrease the prevalence of Hypertension in the general population. The main issue to be focused will be on the unhealthy eating usances among the population, lack of physical exertion, genetic factor, unhealthy life style, stress and otherwise contributing factors related..Prevention From Intervention StrategyThe prevention and management of Hypertension is to reduce morbidity and mortality by the least intrusive means realistic. This perchance accomplish by achieving and maintaining the systolic blood pressure at a lower place 140mmHg and diastolic blood pressure below 90mmHg and lower if tolerable, while controlling other modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The treatment to lower levels maybe useful particularly1. To prevent stroke2. To pull through renal function3. To prevent or slow heart failure progressionThe above goals maybe achieved by non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods. Before we consider any active treatment of establish hypertension, there is an even greater need to look at the prevention of the disease.Without planning prevention, the hypertension problem will endlessly remain and it will only rely solely on the pick upion of existing high blood pressure. Primary prevention provide an attractive opportunities to interrupt and prevent the continue costly cycle of managing hypertension and its complications. This primary prevention (non-pharmacological treatment) can be achieved by the following mannersLifestyle Modification there is no direct randomized evidence demonstrating that red ucing blood pressure through lifestyle survey will reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease but it seems likely since trials have shown that benefits of anti-hypertensive treatment are determined primarily by the blood pressure reducing. The benefits of the lifestyle modification are summarized as belowTo lower the blood pressure in the individual patient.To reduce the need for anti-hypertension drugs and maximize the efficacyTo visit the other risk factors presenceFor primary prevention of hypertension and associated Cardiovascular disorders in population. Although there are difficulties in achieving and maintaining proper lifestyle changes, a systemic team utilizing health care professionals and community resources when possible can assist in providing the necessary education support and follow up.Smoking Cessation derriere smoking is one of the most powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease and avoiding of tobacco in any form is essential. There is significant raise in t he blood pressure accompany the smoking of each cigarette. All hypertensive patients who smoke should receive appropriate counseling for smoking cessation and nicotine switching therapy should be considered. Those who continue to smoke may not receive the full degree of protection against cardiovascular disease from anti-hypertensive therapy. The cardiovascular benefit of recordontinuing tobacco use can be seen as early as within 6 months in all age groups and by 2 years they are in all probability at the same risk with non smoker. Manson et al 1992, Doll et al 1994 (Breen J, 2008) state that Smoking cessation is likely the most effective lifestyle measure for the prevention of a number of cardiovascular diseases .Weight lesseningExcess body mass is correlated closely with an increase of blood pressure. Excess body weight increases the risk of hypertension (Stamler, 1991). Usage of nonpharmacological therapy can be used to reduce the weight loss as it has been proven that it is also able to reduce the blood pressure level (Kuller, 2009). The responsibilities on the weight reduction should be approach with own awareness by the high risk population. However with the frequent advert by the healthcare provider in the electronic advertisement will be able to take in the depth understanding on the important of the reduction of weight. The losing of weight should not drastically occurs, as it lead to the haemodynamic status in the cardiovascular circulationDiet changesIn Malaysia, most of the adult and elderly ages develop consumption to take heavy supper meal late of the night and sometimes it is contain of high saturated toothsome that might lead to increasing fat deposition among the population. Fast food consist of high lucre and high sodium contain in prepared foods, that also introduce to the risk of Malaysian population to develop Hypertension. This unhealthy dietary habit only lead to the high statistic of incidence Hypertension. Increasing harves t-festival and vegetable, higher intake of calcium, magnesium or potassium has contributed to the beneficial effects of some of this diet. uninterrupted look for consumption may enhance blood pressure reduction in obese hypertensive patient and yield additional benefits on the lipid profile. Hence all hypertensive patients should be advised to eat more fruit and vegetables, fish and to reduce their fat intake. This diet habit should be developed by providing continuous awareness among the high risk population with providing them a pamphlet at the public playing field and introduction on the preparation of low salt diet copyright in the compact disc or download into the website, as it will assist the public on the good eating habit on their own convenience.Physical activitySedentary patients should be advised to take up mollify level of aerobic exercise on regular basis such as a impertinent walk or swim for 30 45 minutes, 3 4 times a week. Regular aerobic exercise reduces BP in nonmotensive and hypertensive individuals (Cooper et al 2000).When compared with more active and fit individuals, sedentary individuals with conventionalism blood pressure have 20 50% increase of developing hypertension. Regular exercise activity has been documented to lower the systolic blood pressure by about 4 8mmHg. Isometric exercises such as heavy weight lifting can have a pressor effect and it should be avoided. enduring with cardiac while other serious health problems need a more thorough evaluation, often including a cardiac stress test and may need referral to a specialist or medically supervised exercise program.Prioritization the Health IssuePolicyGovernment and private healthcare should consider on the development of the policy for the benefit for all. Reinforcement of the government policy will enhance the public oriented program on the important of preventive the hypertension rather than treat the hypertension.Target GroupThe prioritization will be focus on th e high risk group of population, such as executive, professional, new potash alum adolescence, obesity individual and genetic. These groups are exposing to the risk of hypertension. The fast pace in the working environment , heighten the fact that work was physically demanding and influence the workers on the limited role (Rafnsdottir and Gudmundsdottir, 2004) especially on their well being activities. The proactive intervention will be able to assist the healthcare provider to prepare the public towards the reduction of the prevalence hypertension, especially in managing obesity, improve diet and increase physical activities.Activities and honour ProgramSuggested that all the organization or company focus to improve the healthy well being environment such as formation of the mini gymnasium in order to encourage the elaborateness of the workers after duty or during break. Nevertheless, it will encourage high commitment to improve their healthy lifestyle without prejudice. Reward s program introduced to the actively participation in the gymnasium will be boost the enthusiasm among the workers in the organization. Thus, it will reduce risk of incidence hypertension and increase healthy life style among the population in cosmopolitan era.BroadcastingInvolvement of the broadcasting in promoting the important of healthy lifestyle will enhance the awareness among population on the management of preventing hypertension. Billboard along the highway, public area also able to assist the improvement of knowledge among the public.Public TalkShould be conducted at all ages, begin with primary school students, elementary schools, universities, seminars, workshop and promotion using bunting and banner, as it will raise continuous understanding of the disease.ConclusionIn 2006 The Third National Health and Morbidity Survey, The Prevalence of hypertension among adult 30 years old and above was 43% has increase 30% compared to 10 years ago (Merican, M, I., 2008). This figur es shows that the hypertension can be considered serious illness which may effect the healthy well being among Malaysian population. Furthermore it can cause potentially life threatening if not detect and treated early.Awareness on the hypertension will be no ending as this condition might occur at any level of ages. Contribution of the public towards reducing the hypertension prevalence and early identification of the risk factor enable the well being lifestyle among Malaysian.

Grief, death and the psychology of dying

Grief, finish and the psychology of dyingDifferent volume of contrastive religions, race, age and finis expect different perceptions of wipeout and the way to go well-nigh the outlet. The following research tries to explain why tidy sum behave the way they do in their different manner. It defines expiry and wo, why, when and how they occur.It as well as explains more or less the misconceptions that people have about death and grief. It gives a to a greater extent than cause of these phenomena and explores what people go by means of and through when they carry out them. The paper too gives solutions on how a person should handle the situation once it has happened to him.Grief is the reaction to passing away it is mainly associated with a loss of something or some unrivalled to whom a person had formed a bond with. A person faeces respond to grief emotionally, socially, physically or even through the way they behave. Grief is caused by loss of a variety of things. It can be as a result of a divorce, an illness, loss of somebodys possessions, position, employment, pets and loved ones (OConnor, Irwin, Wellisch, 2009).Different people react differently when they go through a loss. The different reactions may be as a result of what one has lost. These reactions may be manifested from one person to a nonher or within the aforesaid(prenominal) person. The different reactions emanate from peoples diversity cultures, personalities, age, phantasmal and spiritual practices and beliefs (Kubler, 1991)Grief exacerbates both and physical and psychiatric morbidity. This is common especially after a loss of a spouse. During this period, the bereaved ordinarily exhibits symptoms such as headaches, heart palpitations, dizziness and trembling. The bereaved also to-do aways to bring from depressive symptoms during the first year after the loss. Those who atomic number 18 bereaved young tend to take more symptom relief drugs as well as showing more ph ysical affliction than elder people. For the older people, the number of visits to the physician as well as hospitalization increases during the magazine of physical distress. sorrow is an ahead of time and old phenomenon. During the olden days, people used to describek help with their grief from religious leaders, extended families, and most neighborhoods as well religious institutions. Today, because of secularization, lack of a sense of community and lack of belief in formal religion, has led to the bereaved seeking help from repairth workers (Worden, 2002).Children differ in mourning with adults. They tend to return to an earlier behavior manage clinging to a toy, thumb sucking or even personation an angry behavior. They be not mature to mourn like adults but they mourn intensely. A loss in childhood can result to emotional problems as well as physical illness. This poses a great risk as the child can contemplate self-destruction or become a delinquent. This is more oft en than not common in adolescents (Kubler, 1991)Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross believed that grief has its own stages. These stages include emotional reactions like denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. She advises that understanding grief is an chief(prenominal) part of the human take as it is a necessary response that helps to heal from the overwhelming experience of loss (Kubler, 1991)Dr. Kubler educes some of the things that a griever can engage in fix to subdue grief. Some of these things may include participating in support groups which may either be faith found or secular. Those people going through a complicated suffer litigate are advised to attend a therapy session with a psychologist or any other(a) subordinate professional dealing with mental health. She also advises grievers to take food supplements as well as feeding healthy foods (Kubler, 1991)Exercise and work outs like jogging and aerobics are also recommended during this period of grieving. G rieving is also an emotional drainer process thus she recommends enough rest for the person grieving. Places of worship are also known to be very helpful in providing solace and comfort to those grieving. Dr. Kubler recommends that grievers show emotions whenever possible like letting the stock splits to flow as this facilitates the healing process (Kubler, 1991)At this point of grieving, the griever requires a lot of acceptance and support from friends, family or the people or so. The griever may depict a broad range of emotions that may require a lot of understanding from people around (OConnor, Irwin, Wellisch, 2009).To grieve is more than just to show sadness. It guides positively charged experiences when it deepens interpersonal connections.Grief can cause great wear and tear to both the psyche and the physical reed organic structure. It is experienced in a very personal way although in that location are some commonalities to grief. Different people may go through simi lar reactions to grief such as nightmares, hallucinations and problems with appetite. Other people may experience sleeping disorders while others may go hapless of breath.Intense or complicated grief can result to complicated responses. These responses may include suicide attempts, murders, shock and even mental disorders. Grief which is complicated can be debilitating, it involves pangs of painful emotions which are recurrent. It may also involve intense longing and yearning for the lost person or thing and also thoughts which are preoccupied with the lost person or thing.DeathIt is the cessation or termination of biological functions that make up a living organism. Death refers to both a grouchy(prenominal) event and the take that result thereby. Many religious beliefs tend to be refer more with the condition than a particular event.People have different perceptions of dying and death. Many wonder how it occurs or whether the dying just accepts death quietly. Many questions a lso linger in our minds whether the dying think of their possible decomposition, universe consumed by maggots or rotting in hell (Piven, 2004).The process of dying is a process that is known because it is witnessed and described by those involved in it. Certain factors influence the dying experience. These are interpersonal relationships, gender, nature of a disease and the treatment environment, and age. A young child may not understand the nature of death as a mature adult with diverse life experiences would. The dying process is also influenced by gender as a result of different roles played by women and men. A dying man is more likely to think of financial provisions for his family while a dying woman is more concerned with family integrity. Individuals who have experienced a poor interpersonal relationship experience a greater distress while dying than one who had a good relationship (Wass Neimeyer, 1995).Death is seen to be an event as it occurs in a particular time, at a p articular roll and in a particular way. Death is also seen to be a condition as one is seen to be incapable of carrying the classic functions of life. It is a condition that is not reversible. It is also a universal indisputablety. It forms the centre of many organizations and traditions.Death can be slashal, intentional or natural. Many species die from predation. Intentional activities causing death may involve death by ones self i.e. suicide, death by others i.e. homicide and calamities like war. Death by natural causes is mostly caused in broadcastly by human activities (Appel, 2005).To determine whether a person is dead or not, there are signs that one can look for. Some of these signs may include respiration cessation. Breathing stoppage is a good sign that a person is dead. Lack of tree trunk metabolism can also suggest that a person is no longer alive. Other signs are a lack of a pulse, body becoming pale a few minutes after the person dies, body temperature reducing an d rigour of the corpse limbs (Appel, 2005).Death can be clinical or legal. When a person ceases to breathe and to spread blood, the person is tell to be clinically dead. This happens when a person gets a cardiac arrest or the heart simply stops to beat.During this time, the person losses consciousness and the brain activities stop. Procedures to resuscitate the patient are initiated. These include putting the patient under cardiac life support machine which attempts to restart a heartbeat. The resuscitation continues until the recovery of a heartbeat or when a physician determines that the recovery is impossible and the patient is declared legally dead. A brain dead patient with heart and lungs that are functioning can be enounce to be legally dead (Safar, 1988).Legally, the state brain dead defines death. This occurs when the brain activities both volunteer and involuntary are irreversible and hence cannot sustain life. Irreversible loss of brain functions is caused by direct trauma to the head as a result of a gunshot wound or an accident caused by a motor vehicle. Loss of brain functions can also be caused by immense hemorrhage as result of high blood pressure complications (Murray, 1990).Legal death is when a qualified personnel declares that a patient does not require further medical care and the patient be pronounced dead under the law. Some of the circumstances favorable for a person to be pronounced legally dead is when brain dead. This is when the brain activity is not detected.Psychology of dyingAccording to psychologists, when going through the process of dying one goes through the experience of pain, regret, and fear of the unknown. Our social systems also break down death into distinctive dreads. Example, as a means to obtain moral obedience, religions mold death anxiety into fear of agonizing hell (Wass Neimeyer, 1995).The fears and ideas that people have about death are not innate they are learnt from their cultural and social environment s. A particular cultures system of death conditions the behaviors of the living. For instance, their willingness to receive an organ transplant, suicide contemplation, their will to take risks, to purchase a life insurance, preference for cremation or burial, their attitude towards spontaneous abortion or capital punishment and their hope for resurrectionReligion is also known to shape peoples attitudes toward death. This could be positive or negative. The more religious members display a more consistent attitude of death as measured by the level of fear of death. Those who believe in afterlife have a arranged understanding of situations related to death. Death anxiety, threat and fear result into other forms of psychological distress. Health status is unrelated to the level of fear and anxiety of death (Wass Neimeyer, 1995).Pursuing a death-exposure profession like euphony or attending the morgue does not necessarily increase the fear of death or anxiety. Those professionals or volunteers who work closely with the dying show reduced fear of death and much death competency.Physicians usually have a difficult time with their patients whom they know have no chance of recovery. Telling a patient about his dying is never justified. On the same note, to withhold a patients dying culture is not warranted.According to Dr. Kubler (1991), people regardless of their age, religious orientation, race or cultures recognize when they are about to die. Some may start bidding farewell even if death is not expected. Dr. Kubler equates death to being born into a different existence. To die is like to move from one house to another notwithstanding a more beautiful house this time. It does not matter how death may have occurred because the experience is the same (Kubler, 1991).When one dies, i.e. when the soul leaves the body, it is still possible to perceive what is happening around the dying place i.e. where the body was left. One is able to register everything with a new awareness different from the earthly consciousness. This happens the same way as when one is lying unconscious having a surgery. During surgery, many patients have an out of body experience where they watch surgeons work on them and can actually hear them have words. The same thing happens when a dying patient is in a deep coma. The patient can neither move nor talk but can hear and understand everything being said to him (Kubler, 1991).Nobody dies alone. When one leaves the physical existence, one joins another existence where time, space or distance does not exist. The power of thought is able to connect long distances in a split of a second. Many people have experienced this when someone who lived many thousands of miles away suddenly appears to them and then later come to realize that they just passed away a few hours or days ago.When patients are on their deathbeds, they report to see people whom they used to see and play with when they were little, only to have forgotten th eir existence when they grew up. These people die peacefully and happy clear-sighted that someone who loves them will be waiting for them. Generally, people waiting for us on the other spot are those who loved us the most (Kubler, 1991).People die at different times as little children, as young people or very old people. According to Dr. Kubler, the young have already learnt what they were supposed to learn and the old have accomplished what they were supposed to do at the time of their death. If we live well, we will not worry about dying (Kubler, 1991).ConclusionDifferent people of different religions, race, age and culture have different perceptions of death and the way to go about the loss. The study has identify grief as a reaction to loss, where the victim responds in an emotional, social and physical manner to describe his/her state. In this case, the study has identify that the different reactions exhibited by people as a result of death varies with their diversity cultur es, personalities, age, religion and spiritual practices and beliefs. The study has identified several stages taken in a grief process. These include emotional reactions like denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance.There are, however different ways of overcoming grief, the study has identified a simple method as group participation in a faith based or secular to be an effective approach. On the other hand, individuals undergoing through a complicated grieving process are advised to attend a therapy session with a psychologist or any other qualified professional dealing with mental health. Eating food supplements and healthy eating habits also helps to overcome grief. Death is seen to be an event as it occurs in a specified time, place, and in a certain way. Death is also seen to be a condition as one is seen to be incapable of carrying the important functions of life. It is a condition that is not reversible. Dr. Kubler has argued that people, regardless of their age, r eligious orientation, race or cultures recognize when they are about to die. People die at different times as little children, as young people or very old people. When one dies, i.e. when the soul leaves the body, it is still possible to perceive what is happening around the dying place.

Karen Newman Othello Criticism

Kargonn New human being Othello CriticismIn her 1987 article And airstream the Ethiop white muliebrity and the monstrous in Othello,1 Karen Newman sets bug out re-examine prior faultfinding analysis of Shakespeares Othello with the intention to re- see Shakespeare in focal points which contest the hegemonic forces, his plays at the same time affirm (158). Her argument scrutinizes the the male-dominated Venetian introduction (152) of the play and the criticism that it has generated against correlating historical perspectives. Her main thesis about the play asserts that the union of Desdemona and Othello represents a clement identification amongst femininity and the monstrous which offers a potentially subversive recognition of sexual and racial difference. Employing a womens liberationist approach Newman reveals the racial and sex activity mischiefs inwrought both in the play and the unfavorable judgment levelled at it from 1600 through to 1980. In desire new ways of re ading Othello Newman draws on Derridas poststructuralist ideas to establish parallels between the social intercourseship of gender and race. She contends that Desdemona and Othello are equally marginalized by Venetian society Othellos race and Desdemonas progressive grammatical gender presenting equivalent risk to the dominant white male society.In verifying how these attitudes pervade the play itself, Newman points out that fear of miscegenation functions on both levels. Firstly Shakespeare uses the white mans fear of the union of mordant man and white women (144) to generate the plot, and secondly through the double star opposition of black and white characteristic of the plays discourse. To patronise she quotes from the play Black ram tups white ewe and O, the more angel she, And you the blacker devil. The last line illustrates what Newman terms rhetorical miscegenation. Outlining the frequency with which black and white were used to denote polarization during the Renaissanc e, (145) she comments on how the emphasis in Othello of Desdemona as the idealisation of fair female beauty is usually read to emphasise the contrast between these two characters, and declares that contrary to early critics she views Desdemona not as a representative of opposition to blackness and monstrosity, as black is to white, but as identifying with it. Newmans assertion that the play is structured around a heathenish aporia, miscegenation is the offset cornerstone of her argument.Newmans next device is to establish a link between femininity and the racial attitudes inherent in the play. Again she refers to Ridleys criticism, claiming that his choice of example portrays a generalization of women as petty, thereby confirming his gender prejudice. Ridley has displaced the struggle of white against black man onto a cultural femininity. Newman is sympathetic to Stephen Greenblatts (1980) view that Othellos identity is dependent on his loss of his own origins, an embrace and per petual reiteration of the norms of another culture, but criticises this focus as failing to recognise the other as black and female Othello internalises alien cultural values, but his otherness remains apparent, dividing him from that culture and thereby linking him to the plays other marginality, femininity. Newman claims critical considerations with pretend to the symbolic signifi slewce of the handkerchief rebound gender prejudices. Reigning critical preoccupations result in the significance of the handkerchief being limited to a sign of adultery. Contrasting this she terms the handkerchief a snowballing signifier, acquiring figurative and literal meaning as it passes from hand to hand. Newman contests psychoanalytical readings as problematic since they privilege a male scopic fun casting the women as a failed man once again negating her otherness and limiting female sexuality to fetish. (156)Identifying racial attitudes as inclusive of attitudes towards black sexuality, Newm an references popular travel accounts of the time, outlining African as presented descriptively but also mythically (148) terminal always we find a link between blackness and the monstrous, and particularly a monstrous sexuality. These attitudes Newman asserts assimilated into the drama of early modern England. (149) Newman observes the portrayal of Desdemona as voracious and devouring with a greedy ear laboured to masculine informations of femininity. Her desire is presented in terms of an aural/oral libidinal causing Othello anxiety. Newman sees this anxiety as having a duel source the monstrous difference it invokes against his adopted culture, and that it allies her imagined sexual appetite with his own. Othello and Iago are linked in representing white male sexuality in the play. Simultaneously and paradoxically Othello also represents the threat to it. Newmans investigation of historical criticisms surrounding femininity as delineated by Desdemona, uncovers several ironi es. Rymer and Cinthio in a cautionary moral link Desdemonas social disobedience to her sexual duplicity. Othellos punishment of Desdemona however simultaneously confirms the cultural prejudice which labels him a monster. In addition Iagos dramatic construction which leads Othello to see Desdemona as a whore, demonstrates how histrionics model can provide false influence.Newmans undoubtedly subscribes to a feminist school of criticism, seeking to infract the nature of gender inequality and opposing the inherent male hegemony represented within the play. In addition, by her own account, her reading is also semipolitical in that it exposes the ideological discourses which organise the text. She comments that poststructuralist approaches highlight that even extremely formalist readings are political, inscribed in the discourses both of the period in which the work was produced and of those in which it is consumed. Newman references Derridas work on racism and in addition to employi ng deconstructionist discourse his influence can be seen in Newmans design. Recognizing the binary opposition denoted by the polarization of Othellos blackness and Desdemonas whiteness, Newman develops this to assimilate the implied opposition of monstrosity or miscegenation represented by Othello and femininity represented by Desdemona. Deconstructive discourse incorporates the flavor that difference exists both between intend and signifier, and at the same time that the signified defers meaning to the signifier. The role of the literary critic is seen as seeking a slippage in the text, thereby denoting duplicity and revealing how the internal linguistic and thematic rules are inexact. Newman finds this critical slippage in both Rymers Short view of Tragedy (1693) and again in Ridleys criticism 250yrs later, to be the recede from blackness to femininity. (155)Newmans approach offers new and valuable insights through its promise of past criticisms, detailing not merely how they relate to the ideology of the time they represent, but also illustrating how criticism in itself can be read to demonstrate new ideas and ways of reading the play. Her analysis however, places its emphasis on the Desdemonas interracial relationship with Othello and how her disobedience to her father and her choice of black man threaten the prevalent white male hegemony. Newman does not address other characters marginalised through class distinctions and gender. One such relationship is that between aristocratic Cassio and the courtesan Bianca. The hush-hush nature of their liaison is both essential to the plot but also preserves Cassios social standing. Cassio treats Bianca with unforesightful respect scorning her foolishness in loving him. Cassio, Iago and Brabantio all share a mutual sexist prejudice in a similar way to the racist disdain which shapes their worldview. Othello can be seen to be remote this racial bigotry but Newman does not address the question of whether he ac cepts the central stereotyped perception of women. Newmans outline of historical womens roles focuses solely on a westernized version of society and does not address the way in which women were historically regarded within non-westernized cultures.Hinging on the underpinning social apprehension with regard to miscegenation, Newmans argument takes it lead from Bennetts notion that the position a text holds within relation to the ideology at its origin is not requirement an indication of the position which it may subsequently come to hold in different historical and political contexts. Some critics however claim Newman is anachronistic, applying modern concepts of racism historically. Shakespearian audiences would have understood race in a totally different way to contemporary audiences. It would then follow that Newmans application of contemporary ideas with regard to other cultural constructs such as gender would be equally out of place. Acknowledging that Shakespeare was certainly display case to the racist, sexist, and colonialist discourses of his time, Newman declares that by making Othello a black man and through Desdemonas love for him, Shakespeare stands in a contestory relation to the hegemonic ideologies of race and gender in early modern England. Newmans argument is detailed and engages the play against historical points of view, addressing feminist issues and at the same time employing poststructuralist thinking to achieve her goal of establishing a link between femininity and race. Newman sees such strategies of reading as a social responsible in that they illuminate artificial human activity of works which may falsely represent those marginalised groups standing outside culture and simultaneously within it. This representation she sees as being obscured by the immediacy of dramatic performance. Her analysis of Othello is a demonstration of how seamlessly racial attitudes in early English drama where transmitted to viewpoints surrounding gender and sexuality, illustrating how mutually constitutive race, gender, and sexuality can be.

Demonstrating Omniscience Omnipotence And The Omnipresence Of God Religion Essay

Demonstrating Omniscience Omnipotence And The ubiquitousness Of divinity piety Es registerThe objective of this research paper is to demonstrate the omnipotence, omniscience and ubiquity of deity and how these relate to the living and ministry of the shaper delivery boy. The entire volume from Genesis to apocalypse does mention on the Omnipotence, ubiquity and Omniscience of deity. This paper exit walk us through first from the OT, NT and then the life and ministry of delivery boy savior.In the stemma of creation in Gen 11-3, when He created the world, it shows idol is Omnipotence, In the inception paragon created the heaven and the worldly concern. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was both over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of deity was hovering over the waters. And divinity fudge said, Let in that respect be light, and t here was light. It shows. He is the all- exp unmatchablentful Lord who has created all things and sustains them by th e Word of His power. The playscript reveals that theology is all powerful and in the terminal sense is the ruler of history and nature.Omnipotent in the Old testament and New entrustOmnipotence refers to Gods unexpressage power. In the Old Testament, El Shaddai is translated almighty God (Gen 171 mull 517). God is descried as performing natural wonders (Gen 11-3 Isa 4424 Heb 13) and religious wonders (2 Cor 46 Eph 19 320). In Gen 1814, God is able to create new thing and nothing is undoable to Him. indeed in Ps 1153, He does whatever pleases him. And in Ezek 3626, He is able to create a new heart. God manifestation acts include creation, nature, history, providence, and redemption. therefrom in Daniel 435 Amos 92, 3 show that nothing evades Gods omnipotence.It is withal demonstrated by the create of the Holy Spirit, in Scripture comp bed to wave, water, and go over The ordinary manifestations of these elements afford no criterion of the effect they argon able to produ ce. Wind Pentecost was the analogue of the wind Spirit, who bore everything before Him on the first day of creation (Gen 12 Eze 3710 john 38 Acts 22). The power of resurrection flush toilet 1125 Rom 14 Eph 119-20.God plentynot do that which is self-contradictory or contradictory to His suffer nature, because His omnipotence is of His proclaim essence, and He is all- beingness out which all existence must arise.Gods omnipotence is in addition revealed in Philippians 121 because we read that He is able to conquer all things. We see Paul rejoicing in Romans 832-39 because, if God is for us, then who can be against us? God is not peculiar(a) in what He can do and nothing can worst God. butmore, there is nothing that God cannot overpower. Hence it is written in Colossians 29-10, Christ, who is the head over every power and authority.Omnipotent in the life and ministry of messiah ChristIn the life and ministry of messiah Christ, He demonstrates that he had all authority of heaven and earth two-dimensionality 2818, wherefore rescuer came to them and said, whole authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me And in Mark 25, 7, 10 states that Jesus had the power to forgive sins, something only God can do.In the New Testament the salient embodiment of this redemptive omnipotence is the resurrection of believers (Matt 2229 Mk. 1224) and specifically the resurrection of Christ (Rom 417, 21, 24 Eph 119ff). Gods power is evidenced in the whole process of redemption (Mat 1926 Mk 1027 Rom 831 Eph 37, 20 1 deary 15 increase 1117).Further in Matt 39, out of these st geniuss God can raise up children for Abraham. Again, He has the power to create new things.Omniscience in OT(Look up in dictionary)Omniscience refers to Gods pukka fri overthrowship and wisdom, His power to go through all things. God is the Lord who admits our thoughts from afar. He is acquainted with all our ways, conditioned our words even before they are on our tongues (Ps 1391- 6, 13-16). He requires to consult no one for knowledge or understanding (Is 4013-14). He is the all-knowing Lord who prophesies the events of the future, including the decease and resurrection of His Son (Isa 53) and return of Christ at the end of this age when stopping prognosticate will be finally overcome (Rom 818-39 1 Cor 1551-57). Only the all knowing and all powerful God can guarantee real freedom from sin, decay, and death. He can begin a process of change in believers during the presend age where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty (2 Cor 317). Nelsons New Illustrated Bible Dictionary, General Editor. Ronald F. Youngblood. Nashville, Tennessee doubting Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1986.Scripture declares that Gods eyes run all over, in orther words God watches and knows everything (Job 2423 psalm 3313-15 13913-16 Proverbs 153 Hebraicals 413 Jeremiah 1617 Daniel 222 and Ezekiel 115). He searches all hearts and observes everyones ways (1 Samuel 167 1 Kings 839 1 Chro nicles 289 Psalms 1391-6, 23 Jeremiah 1710 Luke 1615 Romans 827 Revelations 223) in other words, he knows everything and everybody all the quantify. Also, he knows the future no less than the other(prenominal) and the present, and possible events that ever happen no less than actual events that do ( 1 Samuel 239-13 2 Kings 1319 Psalm 8114-15 Isaiah 4818). (God understand all things. His understanding is limitless. It cannot measure). All His knowledge is eternally immediately and directly before his mind (Psalm 1475 Isaiah 469-10 Psalms 1391-6 Isaiah 4013-14 28 cf. Romans 1133-36 look through). In Job 2310, and Psalm 10314 talk about God knowing our needs.In Gen 1613, God is referred to as the God who sees. Prov 153 teaches The eyes of the Lord are everywhere, keeping watch on the puckish and the good. Similarly, Ps 3415 affirms, The eyes of the Lord are on the righteous and his ears are attentive to their cry. Job envisiond Gods eyes are on the ways of men he sees their ever y step. There is no dark place no deep shadow where evildoers can hide. (3422-23). God is described in Zech39 as having 7 eyes to represent his omniscience, and the prophet Ezekiel depicted God as having eyes all almost him (Ez 118). And in the Gospel of Luke, Jesus affirmed, Are not louvre sparrows sold for two pennies? Yet not one of them is forgotten (126).Gods omniscience is seen in Acts 5, Ananias and Sapphira. When Ananias brings the gift, God had seen right through his pretense. No one would know, they thought. And in Hebrew 413 teaches that nothing is hidden from God. All we do and destine is uncovered, and displayed before God to whom we must give account.http//Churchlayman.wordpress.comActs 1518 Rev 223, Psalms 3313, Jeremiah 3817-20, Romans 417, Job 3422-23 Ps 139Omniscience in the life and Ministry of JesusThe omniscient God sent an angel to the mother of our Lord to reveal a specific program. Do not be afraid, Mary, you postulate found favor with God. You will be wi th child and give birth to a son, and you are to give him the constitute Jesus. He will be great and will be called the son of the Most High. The Lord will give him the throne of his incur David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever his kingdom will never end (Luke 130-33).The bible declares that Jesus was indeed omniscient. Jesus demonstrated it in the NT is the Sermon on the Mount. In Matthew 6 Jesus was talking about the lilies of the field and warned his disciples not to worry because He knows that we need them and He will take care of them.He knew specific flesh out about a womans life whom He had never met (John 416-19). He also had all knowledge about Nathaniel in John 147-49. In Matthew 1727 about Jesus knowing of a certain coin in a look fors mouth before the seek is caughtJesus Christ had knowledge of specific details about His own death. Then in Matthew 1621, Jesus said that He would go to Jerusalem, suffer many things at the hands of the scribes and the elders, be killed, and then be resurrected the third day. He repeats this prophecy in Matthew 2019.In John 131 Matthew 1226, and Mark 817 proofs that Jesus knowledge in these instances is that of his human intellect.We will be able to realize that Jesus is indeed omniscient. In Matthew 1727, Jesus knew that the first fish that Peter will catch will have a plunk of money in its mouth that they could use to pay the temple tax.In John 225 goes so far as to keep the omniscience of Jesus, he did not need mans testimony, for he knew what was in a man. Then in John 147, Jesus knew Nathanael is a man in whom there is no guile Jesus also knew that the Samaritan woman whom he met at the soundly in S amaria has no husband (John 417-18). Jesus also knew that it will be Judas Iscariot who is going to betray him and that he also knew Peter will deny him thrice (Mark 143). John 1630, His disciples recognized His omniscience. Matthew 1621 1722 2018-19 261-2, His prediction of His death demonstr ate His omniscienceMatthew 2436 says precisely of that day and hour knoweth no man, no, not the angels of heaven alone my father only. This verse has been a century of debate among leaders of religious groups and has increase controversy as to the Omniscience of Jesus.Even theologians have diverse stands on this issue. It is consequently important to look back at the nature two natures of Jesus his human and portend nature. With this, we can say that if Jesus does not know the time of his return, it does not mean that it contradicts his omniscience, which is attributed to his divine nature.Matthew 1121-23 . (Jesus knew what Tyre and Sidon would have done had the gospel been preached to them.OMNIPRESENCE IN OLD TESTAMENT AND hot TESTAMENThttp//allanturner.com/omni.htmlAllan TurnerOmni forepart a theological term that refers to the outright nature of God or His ability to be everywhere at all times. God is not like the manufactured idols of ancient cultures that were limited t o one altar or temple area. God reveals Himself in the Bible as the Lord who is everywhere. God was present as Lord in all creation (Ps 1397-12) and there is no escaping Him. He is present in our innermost thoughts. Even as we are formed in the womb, He knows all the days of our future. God sees in secret and rewards in secret, as Jesus taught His disciples He looks not only on outward actions, but especially on the inner attitudes of a persons heart (Matt 61-18). Because God is the Creator and Sustainer of time and quad, He is everywhere. Being everywhere, He is our great Comforter, Friend and Redeemer. Nelsons New Illustrated Bible Dictionary, General Editor. Ronald F. Youngblood. Nashville, Tennessee Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1986.omnipresence agent God is everywhere present. Omnipresence may be defined as God, in the totality of his essence, without diffusion or expansion, multiplication or division, penetrates and fills the creation in all its parts. Paul Enns, The dark Han dbook of Theology. Page 194. In Ps 1397-16 Prov 153 Jere 2323, 24 Amos 92 Dt 439 1014 explains the omnipresence of God. Although sometimes Omnipresence emphasizes His immanence, it frequently contents itself with affirming the universal extent of Gods power and knowledge. Page 596 Bromiley.The God who is eternal, and therefore not limited by time, is omnipresent, and not limited by space (Psalm 1397-16 Proverbs 153 Jeremiah 2323, 24). This means that the unlimited God in His whole being is present at every point of our space. Perhaps a better way to express Gods omnipresence is to say that all space is immediately present before Him.Gods omnipresence does not prevent Him from manifesting Himself in a localized place. In fact, although His self-existent, eternal, and infinite Being is present to all of space equally, He has, on occasion, entered space at specific points and become present in it for a specific purpose. These theophanies, as they are called, most often involved redempt ion. For example, the pillar of cloud drift the glory of God that appeared before the Israelites (Exodus 339 4034 I Kings 810ff) is but one example of such a case. Page 596 Bromiley. Gods presence is not confined to a certain bema it follows that He can be simultaneously in heaven and on earth. Page 596.Of course, the most dramatic incident of God enter time and space was the incarnation itself (John 114 I Timothy 316). Consequently, Jesus was called Immanuel, or God with us (Matthew 123). But, in entering time and space, God, in His self-existent, eternal, and infinite Being, did not cease to be omnipresent. He was, in fact, still present to every point of space, holding everything in concert by the word of His power (Colossians 117 Hebrews 13 Acts 1724-28). Another example of God interjecting Himself into time and space would be the coming of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost (Acts 21-4), as well as His indwelling of the body of every Christian (I Corinthians 619).In Ps 1397-10, Davi d exclaims that He cannot flee from the presence of the Holy Spirit if he ascends to heaven, He is there if he descends into the depths of the earth, the Spirit is there also. Even if he could fly away swiftly, he could not escape the presence of the Spirit.Omnipresence in the life and Ministry of JesusThe Omnipresence of Jesus demonstrates the Omnipresence of God. Bromiley says that Gods omnipresence is closely related to His omnipotence and omniscience that He is everywhere enables Him to act everywhere and to know all things, and conversely, through omnipotent action and omniscience knowledge. page 595. As verbalize in Matt 2819-20, In giving the great Commission, Jesus commanded his disciples to go as witnesses everywhere, even to the end of the earth, and he would be with them to the end of the age. Indicate that he is not limited either by space or by time. Only God has the ability to be everywhere at once, yet Jesus Christ claims this ability. . Then in Matthew 1820, He says , For where two or three are gathered unneurotic in my name, there am I in the midst of them.Further in John 1417, But you know him, for he lives with you and will be in you. Christs indwelling of every believer demands that He is omnipresent. The omnipresence of the Spirit is also taught in John 1417 where Christ taught the disciples that the spirit would dwell them all, an affirmation of the Spirits omnipresence. In fact, it is evidently the omnipresence of God with us that is the subject of John 313, which says, No one has ascended to heaven but He who came down from heaven, that is, the Son of God who is in heaven. Remember, these words were being spoken by Jesus Himself while manifested here on this earth in the person of Jesus Christ.Recognizing that Jesus has a human nature as well as a divine nature, it should be stated that in His Humanity He is localized in heaven, but in His deity He is omnipresent.The doctrine of omnipresence is a comfort to the believer who recognizes that no calamity can befall him that God is not present with Him and assures the believer that God is at hand to dispense with in every place where there is any form of danger. It is also a warning to the disobe ceasent person that he cannot escape the presence of God.How Omnipotence, Omniscience and Omnipresence relate toRelate to Acts 2 1-4, When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together in one place. Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. They apothegm what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them.Base on the above scripture, we can see the Omnipotence and Omnipresence of the Spirit of God manifested on the day of Pentecost. As the Breath or wind is a symbol of the Spirit of God. The coming of the Spirit and fire symbolize the divine presence of God. When they were filled with the Holy Spirit, they began speaking in other tongues. It symbolize Gods unlimited power enables them to speak in some(prenominal) languages.Then in John 824 I told you that you would die in your sins if you do not believe that I am the one I claim to be, you will indeed die in your sins.Thus from the above scripture Jesus Knew (Omniscience) what will happen to those who do not believe in Him and that they would die in their sins.Philippians 2 Imitating Christs Humility polishBIOLOGRAPHYMillard J. Erickson. Christian Theology. Grand Rapids, MI Baker Book House, 1989.A.H, Strong organized TheologyWayne Grudem. Systematic Theology An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine. Leicester, England Inter-Varsity Press, 1994.Thomas C. Oden. general Theology. book of account One The Living God. Peabody, Massachusetts Hendrickson Publishers, 2006.Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Gen. Editor. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Volumes Three K-P. Grand Rapids, M I William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.,..Merrill C. Tenny. Gen Editor. The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible. Volume Four M-P. Grand Rapids, MI Zondervan Publishing House..Paul Enns, The Moody Handbook of Theology.